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a reporter hanging around the magistrate's courts where petty cases of all kinds were being tried. As can be seen if one reads his book, Riis learned a great deal from that about how the other half lived, what they were up against. He became acquainted with the police commissioner and he conveyed that to him. He took him around to listen in the police courts.

I don't know who else influenced Theodore Roosevelt because, of course, he was a great man when I was just emerging as a young woman. I don't think Roosevelt really did so much. I once said to Alice Roosevelt that I had had such a great respect for her father. He had had such a great influence on American life. She said, “Yes, didn't he? After all, he built the Panama Canal and was the only man that saw that what we needed was a big navy.”

I said, “Oh, did he?”

She looked at me and said, “Yes, that was his great contribution.”

I said, “Alice, I'm sorry, but you know I never thought of that. What I meant to tell you was that he had been the first man who ever reached the peak in political life who had pointed out a social obligation. To be sure, that wasn't along very specific or definite terms, but the sufferings of the poor, the neglected, the oppressed, the rise of immigration, and the right and duty of those who were