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was used, but it didn't mean anything. They didn't have any success, and hardly any membership. We weren't aware that they had a policy, that these sudden and inexplicable strikes had any meaning.

They had some serious trouble up in Massachusetts in Lawrence. They had rumpuses, violence, egg-throwing, and all that kind of thing. Then they discovered, or so the papers said and I now believe it to be true, that there were a number of foreigners, people who were not American citizens, in there organizing. There were a couple of Scotchmen and some others who were doing the organizing.

The AF of L didn't know anything about it. The AF of L didn't deny that it was their strike at first, because they always went and took care of the strike if there was one. After some time they began wondering who these fellows were, who it was who was telling them what to do. The regular walking delegate of the AF of L went up to take charge of the strike. He held a meeting and he told them what to do. The next day they did the opposite. He didn't know who had countermanded his orders. Then he'd run across one of these people that he called a foreigner horning in. The Trade Union Unity League was doing that.

Later on we came to have an understanding of what the Trade Union Unity League was. It was a definite movement