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held. It's an amazing project.

I don't think Al Smith's and Pat Harrison's basic orientation toward their fellow human beings was the same. In the first place, Al Smith was Roman Catholic. You can't exclude that. That makes a basic philosophical attitude that all men are brothers. Lots of religions have that, but they don't say much about it. They haven't said much about it until recent years. It became fashionable after Reinhold Niobuhr discovered what he called the “social gospel.” It's kind of a new discovery in Protestantism, if I may say so. Protestantism is very aristocratic in its origins and attitudes. So that did make a difference to Smith. Smith was a poor boy in a great city. His culture was almost entirely the Roman Catholic culture which he had absorbed, and the concept that all men were brothers and that all men were equal in the sight of God. What the Constitution or the Declaration of Independence said about it didn't dawn on him so early as did the concept that every man was equal in the sight of God - equally valuable, equally beloved by God, whether he was a sinner or a saint, whether he was a good man or a bad man. He was of equal value to God with every other man. That's a very early lesson which most of the people of Pat Harrison's background and training didn't get. The idea that a criminal was beloved of God is an awfully hard doctrine for some