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So there will be a place for them to go when they first get there. You take a small squad first and they help put up the rest of the camp under army officers directions. They dig the trenches so that you have a good, sanitary camp, and so forth.

“Then the Forest Service moves in with the work. The Forest Service directs the work completely. It plans the work, directs the work and is responsible for what the men do on the job. The Army, however, runs the camp, supervises the camp, feeds them, and sees to everything that has to do with their life there.”

It was quite a lot later on that we got the idea of having the Office of Education come in and offer courses in reading, writing, arithmetic, trade courses, and so on. That was later. This first was an effort to get men out of the cities and into a job. That was really the first place of relief work that was undertaken.

The CCC was the first aspect of relief. The general relief program with Harry Hopkins as its director came next. The CCC had made it necessary to establish this employment service in the Department of Labor, which we did. We then proceeded to utilize that employment service in cooperation with Hopkins in the selection of men for some of the semipublic works which were to be done on the distribution of