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took possession of the American people. It was one of the times that I saw that publicity properly used, with proper restraint, could lift the pall of despair which paralyzed people and kept them from doing anything. That had had an effect upon the mentality of these coal operators. There were chinks through which light came to them. There weren't as personally despondent as they had been when they came back.

Almost immediately they said that they had been thinking about it, that they had talked with us individually, and that we had presented to them individually not only certain arguments but certain places from which they could get help, certain activities which might help them, and that they would continue to give consideration to it, but the government must help them, the government must give them ‘this' and ‘that', and so on.

By this time we recommended that they form a code committee and build themselves a code. We pointed out that one of the principal things that was a cause of despair among them was the internal competition - that is, the competition between mining operations in the mining industry. Whereas part of that rested just upon the chance of the natural deposits which they operated, there were