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ignorance.” They can't know these things. What people do without knowing that it is wrong doesn't make you as angry as those who knowingly do it. I believe myself that that's a sound rule of judgment.

Of course, between Munich and the outbreak of the war in '39 a great deal of accumulated knowledge had come to the President and to others in the State Department about what was going on. I think I've said that in '38 when I was in France I had a talk with Bullitt. I was somewhat disturbed by the state of mind of France and I had been somewhat disturbed by seeing them dig ditches in the Green Park in London. I was disturbed in France by the extraordinary expressions and manifestations of internal disunity and internal hatred. I've always known that the French people didn't like each other and were naturally given to quarrelling with each other, always being very rude to each other. I've known that for years, but it never seemed to me to amount to anything.

At that time I had a great deal of opportunity to observe the people not only in Paris but in all different parts of France, particularly in the South, where ever so many new movements in the history of France have started and then spread. I was very much