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is likely to have it at one time or another, and if it's going to occur, you'd better be well prepared to come out on top. I think the things we care about should come out on top.”

But he still went on. It used to amuse me, and finally it annoyed me a little, because it was subconscious on his part. Nothing I ever said to him could have given him that idea. It was as though he were half-apologizing to me at the other end of the table.

However, he certainly educated the Cabinet in their joint thinking. I can't say how each individual reacted and what their convictions were with regard to the process of giving aid to what we later called our Allies. We were coming along with that process all through that winter.

German propaganda was very, very effective in this country before we got into the war. It was coming out of Stuttgart like nothing at all. I, who went to New York frequently, had ever so many occasions to observe the German propaganda and the results of it, because, after all, there was Yorkville on the East Side. You got the reverberations of it everywhere. There was a phrase in New York about the “Yorkville frauleins.” The “Yorkville fraulein” was that great, big, blonde beast of a woman, with her mouth open and her arms up in the air screaming. You saw them on streetcorners up on soap boxes making speeches