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Fine Alison BiusoDepartment of Chemistry ChemistryTauqir Mabel YeeRoweena Bacchus ANNE WATTERS!!!!!!!!!"""""""""""""""!!!!!!!!!              !!!"""####$$$%%%%%%%%&&&&&&%%%%%$$$$###"""!!   3444455555556666666666666666666666666666666666655555555555555554444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444455444444444433333322222111111111111111222334445567788999::;;;<<<<==<<<<<<<<;;;;::::999888777777 J M !u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!!u!u!u!u78efSTPQ@ABdeg h i * + , - J M          &P "`b$+8ce # . 0 v x    ' ) C H I I M ~,5Vc f v x & ) X Z  J M  Leonard Fine@Vereda Rosada iMac:Desktop Folder:C1404.2002.More 003 EXAM stuff Leonard Fine<Macintosh HD:Temporary Items:AutoRecovery save of C1404.2002 Leonard FineIZip 100.C1404.2002 Stuff:C1404.2002.Exam 1:C1404.2002.More 003 EXAM stuff hho(.@I I V I = d% & FC$6H*' & FC$17>]kln567Q7Y\]`!"'3569QpZdef9ART{}OPQ45?@ABcdet~c f g h i & ' ) * + b " ( = I J K 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 11 1$1<1001111111111111|10011&1>1B1D1J1`1b1l111111121t1x100100111011R1V1d11(1^1j001000011D11100010~010F0H1J1h1|11F 0L 0N 0P 1R 1!1!0!0!0!1D"1"1"0"1"1"1"1"1"0"1"1"10#1d#1x#1#1#77777777777888999::;;;<<<===>>>>>>>?????????????????????????????`bpp$+8U~ETUmn,5U Leonard Fine@Vereda Rosada iMac:Desktop Folder:C1404.2002.More 003 EXAM stuff hho(.@ppt#pQ6Yj: & FhC$17>]kln567Q7Y\]`!"'3569QpZdef9ARSA A A A A A A A AA A$A<A@@AAAAAAAAAAAAA|A@@AA&A>ABADAJA`AbAlAAAAAAA2AtAxA@@A@@AAA@@GTimes New Roman5Symbol3 Arial3Times"1h b/b$0Q Leonard Fine Leonard Fine1%1&%1%00@GTimes New Roman5Symbol3 Arial3Times"1h bb&$$0d *  Leonard Fine Leonard FineDocumentSummaryInformation8CompObjXObjectPoolNN0Table b :;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefghijklm9D}S78efU!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u78efU    FMicrosoft Word DocumentNB6WWord.Document.8 ՜.+,D՜.+,4 hp  ' Chemistry- b  Title Oh+'0`   ( 4@HPX'osos Leonard FineWoeonNormal  Leonard FineWo4onMicrosoft Word 8.0d@u@e@  6> _PID_GUID'AN{E4AC0900-247D-11D6-A8F9-000502F7D2 Use this result to calculate the fp depression of the plasma. Isotonic saline is that concentration of NaCl which prevents osmotic disrupti8on of the blood cells. Comment on the fact that isotonic saline is 0.95% NaCl (w/w) and calculate the osmotic pressure of isotonic saline solutions. Antarctic fish (usually) don t freeze so they must be equipped with an antifreeze solution. If the antifreeze protein in Antarctic fish cellular (antifreeze) serum (solution) is 17,000 g/mol, then the fp depression of the serum (behaving ideally) must be& .. At 295K, the vp of a solution of 10 g of an unknown solute in an mL of water is 0.247 atm. If the vp of pure water at the same temperature is 0.0250 atm, then the MW of the solute must be& .. What difference would result if the solute is 50% ionized according to the equation below? AB(aq) A+ + B- 10. Several insects are able to withstand prolonged exposure to low teperatures. In many cases, the hemolymph (blood serum) of these insects contains large amounts of glycerol. What protection against freezing would be ofered by the glycerol in the hemolymph of the parasitic wasp Bracon cephi which occurs at a concentration of approximately 30% (w/w)? That is, calculate the fp depression of this blood serum.P R !!!!"""""""h & F / =!"#$%s 4jbjb *kkK ] 6 6 6 6 6 z rrrr ~ *,Z+6 z6 6 zzzZ6 6 J b 6 6 6 6 zz^6 6  V tr """"""%&%%&6H*OJQJ HJN P hh & F/ =!"#$%Houses without cellars or basements often have a  crawl space separating the first floor from the ground. In such houses, exposed water pipes can freeze on cold nights. Explain why it is that the hot water pipes and not the cold water pipes that freeze first if the temperature is not too much below freezing. ANS: Has to do with Henry s Law. More gas can be dissolved in cold water than in hot water. The fp of water decreases as the concentration of solute  even gaseous solutes  increases. Soooooo even though water in the cold-water pipes may reach 0 C first& being closer to it to begin with& . The fp of the cold water is lower than the fp of the hot water for the presence of greater concentrations of the dissolved gases (in the cold). MAKING CANDY. Compare  gummy bears  a soft candy  and  sour balls,  a hard candy. The difference? The sugar concentration. Gummy bears are prepared from a sugar solution boiling at 112C while sour ball sugar solutions boil at 120C. What is the molality of the gummy bear sugar solutions? Is the molality of the sour ball sugar solutions be larger or smaller& and why? A common observation among salt-water swimmers is thirst and skin-wrinkles. Briefly explain. ANS: Salty ocean water must be more concentrated than body fluids and water passes through the skin, a semipermeable membrane, into the ocean. AMAZING! Water flows from the roots of a redwood tree to leaves nearly to the top of the tree some 200 feet above the ground. WHAT is the minimum osmotic pressure that will drive fluid to the top? Salt and sugar are excellent food preservatives. Why? ANS: Bacteria which cause food to spoil typically die when water is withdrawn from their cellular fluids (by osmosis). The osmotic pressure of blood plasma is 7.6 atm at 310K. What is the total concentration of dissolved species present? ????????????????????????????????????@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>==================================>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>=======<<<<<<<<<<<<<;;;;;;;::::::98877655432110/.-,,+*))(''&%%$$$$###############"""""""""""""""""""""####$$$%%%&&&&'''(((())))))*********))))((('''&&&&%%%%%%$$$%%%%%%%&&&&''''((()))****++++++++,,,,,,,++++++*****)))))((((((((((((((((((()))****+++,,,---...///0000000000000000///////////////////....................--------------------------------..---------,,,,,,,,,+++++++++++++,,,,---...///0001122233444556677888888888888888888888888888888889999999999999999999999999999999999988888888888888887777OGPRAcademic assistant-BBBBBBBBBBBBBBCCBA@?>=<:97642 1 / - + ) ' % # !  VwJulie FriesneruserH. BeallKent Porter HamannVicki L. De Hullu Joan HorganRice University Betty CusackAnna Marie Pyle Gerard ParkinTurro Robert Braham George FlynnShalomKoji Nakanishi Koji NakanishiSamVirginia Cornish Petra Levin Alan Grossman Sauer LabMolecular Oncology Liz Rivera Phil Pechukas Wally Roberts jacqui bishopfoobar J. BishopStephen BellerNSStephen E. Beller, Ph.D.sebBINNEY & COMPANYIBM Consulting Group KEN BINNEY Office User Martin MatskoMartin J MatskoNCQA Gary StraussKenneth W. BinneyValued Gateway 2000 CustomerPreferred CustomerS"S 5bS UtS& ]IBM ConSFESFEKaren KawaguchiVince"National Health Data Systems, Inc.Norman D. Stein, Ph.D.Stephen E. BellerAST Preferred CustomerAlistair Young Wally Hauck . Wally HauckS b5S tUS &]ROSANNE D'AUSILIOKathryn H. ClarkeDavid FriedmanfcMerrill Corporationjour Barry Honig John KupiecjfeldmanLABO CHIMIE BIOMOLECULAIREDENERDr. Karen du PlooyProf. Dr. H.-D. ScharfAK Prof. Dr. C. BolmUniversit degli StudiInstitut fr Organische ChemieAK Hey-HawkinskurzWaro NAKANISHI Gellman GroupAndrew J. GellmanJulie L. d'ItriALDO VECCHIETTI Mark Buelowvirginia cornish Jenny CosshamJohn Wiley & Sons Ltd Ron SiclariPlowmanaltoftJOhn Wiley & Sons Ltd. Janie Curtis PRENTICE HALLWord DevelopmentRichard BaggaleyJohn Wiley & Sons Ltd. John Wiley Martin SharpbottomleFrances M Seeney Toni ChowLynne CialdellaSydney StewartDanielle Jones Terry ColeJohn Wiley & Sons GRIFFINLESLEYANGELA POULTERAngela Poulter Phil Bishopsampford Joel Kalish David SidmanGregory St John Verity WaiteWiley Jennifer WoodeamesDirect phone number: (01243) 770209Direct fax number: (01243) 77042Fax Cov Sheet To:Peter HeilbrunnFax5144From:Jim DicksDate:6th March 1997bject:CARPages:1Please contact Sarah Kiely on (01243) 770402 if you have any difficulties reiving this fax As promised, here's a list of cars rolling over in the next three or four months. et me know if any are of interest or if you need more details. An early response would be helpful as ere are others we may offer these cars to after you. 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Sebenius Women IncCarliss BaldwinDanny Struebing Adam Tratt Manish Vij Sam HobsonMichael Milkowits Andy PeastonRamsauer ChristianMaureen Walkerrip Report  TIME \@ "MMMM d, yyyy" September 29, 1997 Company: Swiss Life (Rentenanstalt) Postfach, CH-802Zurich, Switzerland Soodmattenstrasse 4; CH-8134 Adiswil, Switzerland By: William D. ea, Director of Corporate Relations, Executive Education Date of Visit: September 17, 1997 Contac Dr. Edoud Marmier, Director IS tel: 41-1-711-3773 fax: 41-1-711-5007 e-mail: edouard.marmier@swissli.ch Dr. Roland Engel, Manager IS tel: 41-711-4171 fax: 41-1-711-5183 e-mail: rold.engel@swisslife.ch Dr. Jean Weydert, Vice Director, IS tel: 41-1-711-5084 fax: 41-1-711-4nitedDominion97HarvardLMacintosh HD:Applications:Microsoft Office:Microsoft Word 6:UnitedDominion97HarvardLMantosh HD:Applications:Microsoft Office:Microsoft Word 6:UnitedDominion97HarvardPMacintosh HD:Applications:Microft Office:Microsoft Word 6:Templates:TripReportHarvardPMacintosh HD:Applications:Microsoft Office:Microsoft Wo 6:Templates:TripReportHarvardPMintosh HD:Applications:Microsoft Office:Microsoft Word 6:Templates:TripReportHarvardPMacintosh HD:Applicaons:Microsoft Office:Microsoft Word 6:Templates:TripReportHarvardPMacintosh HD:Applications:Microsoft Office:Miosoft Word 6:Templates:TripReportHarvard1Macintosh HD:Desktop Folder:Trips 9/97:TripReportHarvardUntitled:Swi Trip ReportDonald and Judith BockErica R. Deighton KnowledgeNet$Knowledge Gosia Wozny Martine Haas P Bennett Laurie Gamble Ann MarguliesUIS David Flash Anne KleinHarvard UniversityPatrick Sileo Sarah PanettaRobert E. GuntherSTEELE Tom EisenmannILC Jane GillMGH-USER Paul Kennedy IT Manager Scott Andrews Eric Mankin Carl Bruke Ed TuttleJohn Dan FosterRichard StarfieldEmployee Nancy Confrey Kevin Huh Jonathan KatzDennis A. Williams Devang Patel Russell ChangCynthia Houston Saul AltabetAnalysis Group, Inc. Bruce StangleSSOA John S. ZukHinzBarbara FeinbergMAD Lisa SchorrEmily Kistler LawsonRobert LillenessJohn E. ZdanowskiSean M. and Julie C. Daltonmichael beckwithEDWARD U. MILLER Jeffrey Flaum Igal Litovsky Derek Brown David Teten Peter Munson Unknown Warren Blanchard ROBERT BLACKDan BellRuss Vanderpool CONOR RYANKaren Hopper WruckMark J Cotteleer Hau L. LeeKimberly Phillips Lauren OkumDouglas R. RogersTodd E. Graves Cindy OlnickChrister SjholmMaryfrances Fabbril&R atrick SileoSteeleAnne Prfontaine haron Deckerr"!"!"! "! "!"!"!"!"!"!"! Christer Sjholmb 2bɺb 3l = SwissLife97 (in prog.)N6BNMSWD"SSSSS,SSMMMMMS  S!    ! wuD $L!ife97 (in prog.)@ rvardHarvard+ :d doctoroff George David Smith  Toni Carbone Jeffrey Rayport Jamie O'Connell %Jeffrey RayportJamie O'nell;*Sonja Broomfield-Smith im Bernstein Helena Dias Steven Wheelwright Paul N. Hayre Elise MartinSummer at the MainspringJonathan L. YarmisMichael Harper Steve BayleSteve Bullinger Mark Verdi John ConnollyStephen M. Bayle Helen Beattieemartin MainspringNeal M. Goldsmith, Ph.D. Robin Miller Heather DarcyPatrice Lagrangel&R Barbara RobeyKalle LyytinenGSU Greg Rose Detmar Straub Steven KellyLars Mathiassen!Tietojenksittelytieteiden laitosCISTeleTKTL Tuomo PeltolaprojektiStina Wikstrm-Karvinenb 2bb 3CEF R&T Center Daniel Miller Vinay Bhagat Yolande ChanChad Mitchell RaubeRandy Forgaard Nanda FamilyChrister Sj_holm chrisOrmsbyMichael Y. 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Vanden Plas CPU # 08073 Jon North Dan MichaelVincent Trujillo Susan Kleinlen fine`b$+8Z]}" % 0 2 c f T _ t }  ) / 0 5 ~,5)  Leonard Fine@Vereda Rosada iMac:Desktop Folder:C1404.2002.More 003 EXAM stuff Leonard Fine<Macintosh HD:Temporary Items:AutoRecovery save of C1404.2002 Leonard FineIZip 100.C1404.2002 Stuff:C1404.2002.Exam 1:C1404.2002.More 003 EXAM stuff Leonard FineIZip 100.C1404.2002 Stuff:C1404.2002.Exam 1:C1404.2002.More 003 EXAM stuff hho(.@ N  d & F??% & FC$6H*' & FC$17>]kln567Q7Y\]`!"'3569QpZdef9ART{}j|}~-.Yy        : T ^ ) 5 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 11 1$1<1001111111111111|10011&1>1B1D1J1`1b1l111111121t1x100100111011R1V1d11(1^1*1*1+001000011D11100010~010F0 +0L 0N 0P 1R 1 +1 1!1!0!0!0!1D"1"1"0"1"1"1"1"1"0"1+1"1"10#1d#1x#1#1#1%1&%1%00@GTimes New Roman5Symbol3 Arial3Times"qh bVb&'$>0d  Leonard Fine Leonard Fine  FMicrosoft Word DocumentNB6WWord.Document.8 ՜.+,D՜.+,4 hp  ' Chemistry- b  Title Oh+'0`   ( 4@HPX'osos Leonard FineWoeonNormal  Leonard FineWo5onMicrosoft Word 8.0d@r@e@tʸ 6> _PID_GUID'AN{E4AC0900-247D-11D6-A8F9-000502F7D29D}S78efU!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u78efU   s Djbjb ,kk ]4  -((((((((, Z> ((((( ((>( ( (  (N 2 /tFv """"""%&%%&+6H*OJQJHJN P hh & F/ =!"#$%Houses without cellars or basements often have a  crawl space separating the first floor from the ground. In such houses, exposed water pipes can freeze on cold nights. Explain why it is that the hot water pipes and not the cold water pipes that freeze first if the temperature is not too much below freezing. ANS: Has to do with Henry s Law. More gas can be dissolved in cold water than in hot water. The fp of water decreases as the concentration of solute  even gaseous solutes  increases. he serum (behaving ideally) must be& .. At 295K, the vp of a solution of 10 g of an unknown solute in an mL of water is 0.247 atm. If the vp of pure water at the same temperature is 0.0250 atm, then the MW of the solute must be& .. What difference would result if the solute is 50% ionized according to the equation below? AB(aq) A+ + B- 10. Several insects are able to withstand prolonged exposure to low teperatures. In many cases, the hemolymph (blood serum) of these insects contains large amounts of glycerol. What protection against freezing would be ofered by the glycerol in the hemolymph of the parasitic wasp Bracon cephi which occurs at a concentration of approximately 30% (w/w)? That is, calculate the fp depression of this blood serum.P R !!!!""""""" +h & F / =!"#$%fluid to the top during Springtime when the sap is flowing? What is the most likely source of this  osmotic pressure? 100g9