| Comparison of intent and action (ie., errors) and generates corrective signals | |
| Motor learning and adaptation | |
| Motor cognition and general cognition (new evidence; controversial) | |
| Plays a role in automating and optimizing behavior |
| Structural and functional overview | ||
| Principal pathways into and out of the cerebellum | ||
| Experimental approaches to reveal: | ||
| Anticipatory control | ||
| Motor learning | ||
| Mental processes underlying movement control | ||
Nissl-stained section through cerebellar cortex
Cerebellar Cortex: activation by mossy fibers
Cerebellar Cortex: activation by climbing fibers
Inferior olivary nucleus: source of all climbing fibers
Cerebellar Cortex: Inhibitory interneurons
| Feed-forward or predictive motor control (nuts & bolts of skillful movements) | ||
| Motor learning/adaptation | ||
| Non-motor functions: | ||
| Active tactile exploration | ||
| Higher brain functions (cerebellar cognitive-affective syndrome) | ||
| Anticipating the motor consequences of an event | ||
| See stop light and brake | ||
| Predict baseball location during batting | ||
| Anticipating duck location in an video game | ||
| Cerebellum’s role: | ||
| Fairly low level routines | ||
| Correlations & associations | ||
| Implemented via lateral and medial pathways | ||
Feed-Forward or Predictive Control
Feed-Forward or Predictive Control
Feed-Forward or Predictive Control
| Implemented via lateral and medial pathways, especially the corticospinal tract | |
| Incorporated into motor programs via frontal motor areas (SMA, premotor cortex…) | |
| Becomes part of motor strategy via prefrontal cortex | |
Cerebellar Cognitive Affective Disorder
| • Lesions of the posterior lobe and vermis | ||
| Impairment of executive functions | ||
| Planning, verbal fluency, abstract reasoning | ||
| Difficulties with spatial cognition | ||
| Visuo-spatial organization, visual memory | ||
| Personality changes | ||
| Blunting of affect, inappropriate behaviors | ||
| Language disorders | ||
| Agrammatism | ||
| Cerebellar lesions produce | ||
| Incoordination & errors not weakness | ||
| Lose ability to anticipate errors | ||
| Lose ability to correct | ||
| Motor learning | ||
| Not just motor | ||