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The hypothalamus
helps regulate five basic physiological
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needs:
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1) Controls blood
pressure and electrolyte (drinking and salt
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appetite).
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2) Regulates
body temperature through influence both of the
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autonomic nervous
system and of brain circuits directing
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motivated
behavior (e.g. behavior that seeks a warmer or cooler
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environment).
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3) Regulates
energy metabolism through influence on feeding,
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digestion, and
metabolic rate.
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4) Regulates
reproduction through hormonal control of mating,
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pregnancy and
lactation.
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5) Directs
responses to stress by influencing blood flow to specific
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tissues, and by
stimulating the secretion of adrenal stress
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hormones.
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