3.  Genetic approach
Example 1:  Wallerian degeneration of injured axons and synapses
is delayed by a Ube4b/Nmnat* chimeric gene

Distal segment degenerates-24-48 hours
       Wildtype              transgenic  mouse
               with Ube4b/Nmnat
*encodes nuclear ubiquitination factor E4B fused to nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyltransferase;
     leads to neuroprotection by altering pyridine nucleotide metabolism.