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The James-Lange
theory of emotion fails to account for the fact that
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emotional
feelings can extend well beyond the time of autonomic
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arousal.
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In the 1920s,
Walter Cannon and Philip Bard proposed an
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alternative
theory. They argued that visceral
sensation can not
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account for
emotion, and that a central system for emotional
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experience that
was separate from the brain system for visceral
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sensation was
required.
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Cannon’s and
Bard’s studies suggested that two subcortical areas,
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the hypothalamus
and the thalamus, play a key role in mediating
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emotion. They advocated that these structures
could regulate
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peripheral
aspects of emotion (e.g. autonomic responses), as well
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as provide the
cortex with appropriate information for cognitive
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processing of
emotion.
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