Cannon-Bard theory of emotion and sham rage (2)
	• This rage was called “sham rage” because animals retained emotional responses, but the responses lacked aspects of emotional behavior that was normally observed during rage. Besides being elicited by innocuous stimuli, sham rage subsided rapidly upon stimulus removal and was undirected; animals even bit themselves. • When Bard performed progressive transections (b and c), when the posterior hypothalamus was disconnected, no coordinated rage response was observed.