| Is Estrogen an Antidepressant? |
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| n | Potential
mechanism: 5HT modulation |
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| n | Clinical data: |
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| n | Werner et al
1934: estrogen injection >
placebo for |
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| depression. |
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| n | Improvement in
depressive symptoms in |
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| postmenopausal
women without MDD. |
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| n | Variable
results across several studies of estrogen in |
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| perimenopausal/postmenopausal
women with |
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| MDD. |
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| Women and
Bipolar Disorder |