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religious people over many generations. Religious principles and religious conceptions do prevail.

When Smith was Governor, I never heard the phrase “relation of Church and State” used. Sure there was anti-Catholic feeling. There was that prejudice and bias. The anti-Catholic feeling in the State of New York, and through the East, largely is anti-Irish - much more anti-Irish than it is anything else. I was a little girl in Boston. I saw young boys of eighteen, nineteen and twenty stoned in the streets of Boston because they were “Paddies.” I saw it. The APA - American Protective Association - was going strong then. That was anti-Catholic, but it was anti-Irish really. You never heard of anybody else being a Catholic except “these awful Irish” that had come over - that's the way they were referred to. My nurse had taken me downtown to buy a pair of shoes and this rumpus arose in the streets. You heard shouts and shrieks, people coming down and stones flying. These boys - fresh-faced Irish young men, probably not long off the boats as immigrants - running with looks of terror on their faces and a mob chasing them throwing stones and screaming, “Paddy, Paddy!” This is a childhood remembrance. My nurse pushed me into a recessed doorway and stood with her back to the street and her skirts spread out to protect me. That, of course, made a strong impression on me - the