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thousand feet under Lake Elmira. It was very astonishing to me to realize that this was true. As they pointed out, a second shaft sunk in there would just merely let in the water. This is true in many places in New York State. There's quite a lot of salt mining up in the Finger Lakes district, around the lake at Watkins Glen. There are salt operations all along there. What they are is a great shaft sunk down somewhere on the shore - either close to the shore or way in. It just depends on where the easiest seam lies. Then it nearly always goes out under the lake. That's a characteristic salt deposit in New York State.

Those salt mines and the talcum mines were our principal problems. There was no difficulty about making the second means of exit in the mines north of Massena in those old iron mines, but there was great reluctance to because they weren't making any money. It was an unprofitable operation. I don't know how it's worked out now, but it may be that with the new ways of working the tailings they've made it profitable. They did put in the second means of exit at Massena, however. They cleaned up the sanitary conditions and they did many other things. We made regulations about the skiffs, how they must be operated and controlled, how they must be built. There must be an attendant and no trips up and down without it, and so on.