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on projects, on codes, on techniques of enforcement. Also more terrible problems arose in New York. For instance, we never had any problem with shyster doctors outside of New York City. It was a terrible problem in New York City and it came to a head during the time that I was Industrial Commissioner.

That was another thing that was a great surprise to Roosevelt. In a way it was to me. We had run across these shyster doctors making false reports in workmen's compensation claims and even doctoring up a man so that his wound wouldn't heal. When he came into the Department of Labor to be examined at the time of a hearing, the doctors would have to say, “The wound doesn't heal. It's an open wound that has not yet healed.” These doctors also told them how to simulate or fake a back injury. A back injury is the easiest thing in the world to get away with because nobody can prove you haven't got it. You can have terrible pains without anything showing in the X-ray. That is known to be possible. These doctors would tell them to say just where it ached, to scream when they pressed you in a certain place. There was a great deal of that.

There was a great deal of actual reporting by the doctors that, “Giuseppe came to my office at five