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at it like Simon Legree.

I don't know who devised that doctrine. I certainly believed it and used it as the basis of many a speech. It had just begun to spread. I remember being asked at the Harvard Business School to make a little speech along these lines. I had met some of their professors at some conference on industrial safety, or something, and that had brought them to ask me. I had talked along these lines and met a very sympathetic response, not only among the students, but among the faculty.

I knew that Watson was talking that line. I also knew, because I had to know as Industrial Commissioner of the State of New York, that there was more talk than practise at IBM, except that on the items with which he competed with Endicott for labor, which were paternalistic items, he was as good and frequently better than Endicott. Both of these firms would go a long way in providing health services, in providing recreational facilities, in providing organization of sports and other athletic activities or other social activities that interested their people. They were both very good about the physical conditions of the work places. We never had the slightest problem with that. To that extent the IBM doctrine that good conditions pay was illustrated by what they did. To have accidents was expensive. First, it cost you money in your compensation. Second, it cost you