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I had some ideas with regard to employment, unemployment, their immediate relief, the eventual mitigation of the problems of employment and unemployment. I was all for reviving industries because you couldn't have employment without that. I had been going to conferences for two years, all over the United States, of governors and other high officials, trying to dope out ways that you could stimulate industry. I had digested these ideas and had been pouring them into the Governor's ear. Still we didn't know what we could do in Washington at that level.

It wasn't because I was dumb that I didn't know what Roosevelt would do when he got to Washington. It was because he was an elusive person and also because, looking back at it now, having almost the same judgment of him that I had then, he was a man born to improvise. He was not a man with a quality that would ever have made him a good planner about anything. He could meet a situation and do something, but he was always satisfied with the phrase, “We'll have to do something.” “Do something” is pretty general. Also, his convictions were very unformed and particularly in the fields in which he, or his administration, later acted. I think that his convictions, and his adherence to those programs, were really formed by the circumstances both of the depression and of the recommendations that were made to him, effectively,