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what was required - a quarter - to anybody who put his hand in. It wasn't pleasant. I never had anybody say anything rough or rude, nor too pathetic. There was none of that whining begging that is professional begging. You never saw that.

Roosevelt was aware of all those things and he was aware of the suffering of the poor and the suffering of the people out of work. I don't know if he was aware of the great change that was taking place, however, or if I was. I have said in my book that there was no plan for a New Deal. The New Deal was a phrase that dropped from his lips in a speech that he made. It sounded all right. He said, “I know you've had this and that and now we're going to give you a new deal.” It was on a par, in its emotional and intellectual implications, with what the Republicans have said in the fall of 1952. “We're going to give you a change.” That's all the New Deal meant. It was used in the card playing sense. “You've had a streak of bad luck. We're going to deal the cards over again. We'll have a new deal.” It was an appeal to lady luck, with the hope that springs in every man's heart when you say, “I'll give you some new cards.”

We created a change, but not by plan, purpose and intention at the beginning. What we intended to do and