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So there was a law made against contract labor. It's still (1953) the law of the land. You can't make an agreement to hire a man and pay him a salary until he gets here. Whatever understanding you have has got to be strictly informal. He must be prepared to say that he hasn't been hired. It's still being dodged and always has been. Many parts of it are very absurd and ridiculous. In later times it's never been a problem. They haven't brought in great masses of men. It's been an occasional person who was hired to be a lady's maid, or hired to do some kind of technical work, but they're not bringing masses.

Doak had set up this division ostensibly to enforce Section 24 - that is, to make investigations to discover whether there was any contract labor. Incidentally they ran into and discovered public charges and criminals before entry. There was no provision for investigating that. That was all supposed to be done at Ellis Island before they entered. They were excluded. If they became a public charge within two years after they got here, they could be deported. Also, although there had always been a provision to exclude from entry what we now call subversives, people believing in the overthrow of the government by force and violence, there had never been any investigation made of them when they got into the country. They were excluded at