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the port of entry. They were always asked questions that would bring out that information.

Doak set up this group of men to enforce Section 24. That is, he set them up to make investigations. For that he had secured money from Congress in special appropriations to the tune of well over $200,000 a year for the previous two or three years. They were the group that the Wickersham committee had so berated in its report on administrative justice and so forth and so on.

There is a man named Herring, who not only wrote a book by himself but was on the Wickersham committee. He writes as follows in the Wickersham Report:

Most serious was the way in which deportation proceedings had been used to quell labor troubles. Many labor leaders are of foreign extraction and attempts have been made to brand them as alien agitators. In the past officials of the Department of Labor and Immigration have been more concerned with uprooting false doctrines and policing the harassers of industry than in protecting the worker.

For a fuller account of the despotic operation of the immigration service at this time see the Wickersham Report, National Commission on Law Observance and Enforcement, Report on the Enforcement of the Deportation Laws.

Nine thousand persons were deported on an average each year and investigations of aliens and citizens were conducted at the rate of 100,000 a year.