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the United States, and that you couldn't do all the work with Panamanians. You didn't have enough skilled people. He made a very fine plan and recognized almost from the beginning that you had to look out for the health. Comfort and a reasonable opportunity to live for these people, as well as pay them respectable wages. If you're going to have a group of American workmen go down there and stay through the building of the canal and the operating of it, you had to give them these comforts.

He looked around for people to help him and he found young Dan MacCormack in the Army. He was in the regular Army of the United States. I've forgotten now what grade he had risen to then. He was not a West Point man. He was a man who had enlisted as a private in the Army, had gone out and fought in the Philippine wars and so on. Goethals had known him out there. He was coming up as a corporal or sergeant when Goethals was a young officer. MacCormack had been attached to something he had been attached to, so Goethals knew this fellow. Then he was looking around for people to help him, he dug up where MacCormack was in the Army and asked for him to be assigned, along with two or three others. John Collins was another one he picked.

By the way, there's something curious about all this. Ruth Shipley, who is now (1953) the head of the visa division