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Frances PerkinsFrances Perkins
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on Industrial Organizations, stimulated, as I have already said, by Hugh Johnson's lectures on vertical organization as being superior for the mass production industries to the horizontal, of craft, type of organization, made considerable headway among union members.

Also, there was at that time a feeling among some of them that the leadership in the AF or L had grown stale, had grown stoagy and unaggressive and unimaginative. There's no sense in obscuring here the fact that Hillman himself contribute a great deal to that feeling, and stirred up trouble inside the AF of L. I think I might as well mention that this little meeting we held at the Department of Labor, which Hillman and Dubinsky attended, was a beginning of a reconciliation. I really shouldn't say “reconciliation.” It was really a “reunion” between the garment workers' unions and the AF of L.

On discussing the matter with Hillman, I realized that he felt jealous, left out, and at the same time superior to the AF of L, and that in many ways he regretted that his union was out of the AF of L. Apparently he had always anticipated that, although he led his members out of the AF of L and scorned the AF of L, after a year or two, observing the great success of the Amalgamated Clothing Workers' Union, the AF of L would beg him to come back. He would then make





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